![]() ![]() ![]() Perhaps we listen to music or watch and listen to video images on a mobile device, or we might attend a concert of music we enjoy. Third, we may listen recreationally, to relax and enjoy ourselves. For instance, we may have the radio on continuously but listen especially for and to stories and comments which are relevant to our work or study. Second, we may listen in order to screen and evaluate what we hear. Students listening to class lectures are pursuing this purpose. First, we may want to acquire information. proposed four purposes which they believe people have in mind as they listen to others. Business & professional communication in a digital age. Like Galanes and Adams, Waldeck, Kearney, and PlaxWaldeck, J. Instead, each of us embodies a mixture of the four preferences depending on the topic a group is dealing with, the developmental stage of the group, and other factors. In the real world, few people fit neatly and completely into a single category within Galanes and Adams’s typology of listeners. Their preference is usually for short, concise messages rather than extended ones. They may listen and watch especially for signs that other group members want to accelerate the pace of the group’s activities. Time-oriented listeners concern themselves above all with how a group’s activities fit into a calendar or schedule. What they primarily choose to hear and to share with others, thus, is material that they consider to be factual. They tend to seek, provide, and analyze information that has been gathered through research. Action-oriented listeners will generally retain and share details and information which they believe will keep a group moving.Ĭontent-oriented listeners are those who care particularly about the specifics of a group’s discussions. (Think back to chapter 1, where we differentiated between the “task” and “relationship” sides of group interaction). In a group, people-oriented listeners may share their feelings openly and strive to defuse anger or frustration on the part of other members.Īction-oriented listeners, by comparison, prefer to focus on tasks that they and their fellow communicators have set for themselves. For instance, best friends are probably people who practice nonjudgmental listening in an effort to understand and support each other. People-oriented listeners, also known as “relational listeners,” direct themselves toward detecting and preserving positive emotional features of a relationship. wrote that people fall into four possible orientation categories as they listen to one another in groups. Effective group discussion: Theory and practice. Galanes and Adams, Galanes, G., & Adams, K. Several theorists have identified types of listening which can help us understand our own behavior and that of others. Likewise, the ways we listen vary according to our preferences and purposes. People speak for various reasons and with various goals in mind. Preferences, Purposes, and Types of Listening Preferences, Purposes, and Types of Listening. ![]()
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